In Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451, we
see power in many ways throughout the story.
First of all,
there is the power exercised by the government over the people. They have been
controlled in a myriad of ways:
- they may not
read books; - they are encouraged to have a "herd's"
mentality, doing what others do without having one original
thought; - they are "plugged in" so as not to deal with
reality (the seashell ear-plugs, for
example)
The fear that controls everyone is
difficult to read about or comprehend. When Montag is escaping, people are told to leave
their houses so that they may "spy" for the government and help bring down the dissenter
(and murderer) who is on the run. Books are perceived as a source of evil, and with this
sense of fear, they are burned.
The firemen also wield an
enormous amount of power by burning people's home because there are books inside
(overkill, to say the least). The very whisper of possessing books costs a person
everything but his life, unless, as with the old woman, that person refuses to leave
his/her own books.
Beatty has power. He is sadistic in
nature. When he suspects Montag, he torments him mentally, playing "head games" with
him; and later when Beatty shows up at his home, he pushes Montag relentlessly to burn
down his house; Beatty refuses to back off, even when Montag aims his flamethrower at
his boss. Montag wonders later if Beatty wanted to die because he never stopped when
Montag's attitude became threatening. Perhaps for Beatty, the control exerted over the
people and his part in that was too much.
The people in the
community also have power, much the way it was during the Salem witch trials. They are
able to turn in their neighbors, and are encouraged to do so. This situation is
paradoxical as they seem to wield power, and yet are powerless in so many other ways:
watching TV and filling their empty minds with the images projected on the TV
screens.
Another form of power is that of ideas. Clarisse
is able, in the short time Montag knows her, to inspire him to think of things he has
forgotten (like the dew on the grass in the morning), and begin to ask questions of
himself and his society. The fact that he already has books hidden in his house
indicates that he is not the follower society expects of its members. However,
Clarisse's observations of the world make it come alive for him
again.
The last kind of power is the self-empowerment that
Montag begins to feel when he takes another book, starts thinking
of the crazy existence his wife leads, and acts out on his disgust with the women
staring at TV screens with no thought to a "real" and meaningful existence. Montag
exercises his power for free thought when he kills Beatty and takes off for the woods
and the stream. He has chosen to be an outcast of the society of which he has been a
part and become a part of a fringe society that is made up of others who have escaped.
He still feels responsibility and loss for those killed with the bombs, but he looks
forward, also, to being a man with the power to think for himself, and hopefully,
rebuild his society.
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