Sovereignty is defined in many ways. Today it is defined
as a supreme ruler or one possessing power. Historical definitions include in its
meaning very good or effective. Based upon what definition is used, one could support
the existence of sovereignty in both Beowulf and Sir
Gawain and the Green Knight.
In
Beowulf, regardless of what definition is used, one can find
sovereignty. Hrothgar is king of the Danelands, and Beowulf, upon his return to the
Geatlands after defeating both Grendel and his mother, becomes king. Therefore, both
would be considered the supreme rulers of their lands.
In
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Sir Gawain serves under King
Arthur (his sovereign). That said, if one were to apply an earlier definition of the
term, he or she could support that he is sovereign (based upon him being very good or
effective). He is very good given he keeps his promises to Bertilak (the Green Knight).
Also, he is effective in keeping his promise to be at the chapel when he is supposed to.
Outside of that, the tale does contain two different leaders, Arthur (king) and Bertilak
(the lord of his castle and land). Both could be considered sovereigns.
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