Monday, September 30, 2013

find the limit of the sum (f(1)+f(2)+.....+f(n))^(n^2), if n approaches to infinite?

We'll try to express each term of the sum as a difference
of 2 elemetary fractions.


f(x) =
(2x+1)/x^2*(x+1)^2


(2x+1)/x^2*(x+1)^2 = A/x + B/x^2 +
C/(x+1) + D/(x+1)^2


We'll multiply each term from the right
side by LCD = x^2*(x+1)^2 and we'll get:


2x + 1 = Ax(x+1)^2
+ B(x+1)^2 + Cx^2(x+1) + Dx^2


2x + 1 = Ax^3 + 2Ax^2 + Ax +
Bx^2 + 2Bx + B + Cx^3 + Cx^2 + Dx^2


2x + 1 = x^3(A + C) +
x^2(2A + B + C + D) + x(A + 2B) + B


Comparing both sides,
we'll get:


A + C = 0


2A + B +
C + D = 0


A + 2B = 2


B = 1
=> A + 2 = 2 => A=C=0


D =
-1


(2x+1)/x^2*(x+1)^2 = 1/x^2 -
1/(x+1)^2


f(x) = 1/x^2 -
1/(x+1)^2


For x = 1 => f(1) = 1/1^2 - 1/(1+1)^2 = 1
- 1/2^2


For x = 2 => f(2) = 1/2^2 -
1/(3)^2


..........................................................


For
x = n => f(n) = 1/n^2 - 1/(n+1)^2


f(1) + f(2) + ...
+ f(n) = 1 - 1/2^2 + 1/2^2 - 1/3^2 + ... + 1/n^2 -
1/(n+1)^2


We'll eliminate like
terms:


f(1) + f(2) + ... + f(n) = 1 -
1/(n+1)^2


We'll raise to n^2 both
sides:


[f(1) + f(2) + ... + f(n)]^(n^2) = [1 -
1/(n+1)^2]^(n^2)


We'll evaluate the
limit:


lim [f(1) + f(2) + ... + f(n)]^(n^2) = lim [1 +
1/-(n+1)^2]^(n^2)


We'll create remarcable limit
"e":


lim [1 + 1/-(n+1)^2]^(n^2) = e^lim
-n^2/(n+1)^2


lim -n^2/(n+1)^2 = lim -n^2/(n^2 + 2n +
1)


lim -n^2/(n^2 + 2n + 1) =
1


lim [f(1) + f(2) + ... + f(n)]^(n^2) =
e^-1


lim [f(1) + f(2) + ... + f(n)]^(n^2) =
1/e


The result of the limit of the given sum,
if n approaches to infinite, is: lim [f(1) + f(2) + ... + f(n)]^(n^2) =
1/e.

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