One of the primary means of ensuring public support was
the formation of a Committee on Public Information eight days after the formal
declaration of war. Journalists, photographers, and artists were encouraged to spread
information about the war in a positive mode. The committee promoted saving food and
fuel and the sale of war bonds to support the war effort. The committee promoted the
idea that anything German was tantamount to disloyalty to the American cause. For that
reason, German Measles were called "liberty measles," dachhunds became "liberty pups,"
and that most German of dishes, sauerkraut became "liberty
cabbage."
Additionally, the Espionage Act of 1917 and the
Sedition Act of 1918 provided severe punishment for attempting to interfere with the war
effort or distributing literature or materials abusive about the U.S. Government or its
armed forces. Also, the Lever Food and Control Act created a U.S. Food Administration
which encouraged Americans to observe meatless Tuesdays; wheatless Wednesdays, and
porkless Saturdays, all in an effort to garner support for the war. Finally, Americans
were encouraged to plant "victory gardens" to save food and promote the
effort.
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