What are the literary devices used in Hamlet, Act 1 Scene 1?Please answer with the exact line and explanation.

Like the opening of most Shakespearean plays, Act I scene
1 serves to establish the background situation and mood of the story.  In this play,
scene one is out on the grounds of the castle of Elsinore.  The characters on the stage
are all minor characters who through their conversation establish that there has been a
ghost seen two times now that looks like the former king, King Hamlet.  The guards
question the veracity of what they see, so they have enlisted Horatio, a scholar and
friend of Hamlet's, to come are confirm the vision.

Through
the course of the conversation Shakespeare uses several literary devices.  Here are a
few examples:

Horatio claims that the the ghost "bodes some
strange eruption to our state."  This visual imagery of the
literal ground erupting with the dead body of the ghost coming from the grave is very
creative and vivid.  This is also metaphorical because a
state or country cannot literary "erupt" like a volcano might, but it can be unsettled
politically and have the potential to face a terrible
circumstance.

Marcellus asks why "the night is
joint-laborer with the day."  This metaphor explains how
there is little difference between night in day (they work together).  In this case, he
is referring to the fact that the preparations for war are a 24 hour
operation.

Horatio reports that Fortinbras has "in the
skirts of Norway" gathered up some soldiers.  Norway's skirts is a
metaphor for its outer edges, not its major
cities.

He goes on to say that Fortinbras has "sharked up a
list of lawless resolutes."  To shark up is a metaphor to
suggest that he has indiscriminately gathered in (like a shark open-mouthed and
capturing prey) a group of men to serve as a mercenary
army.

Horatio makes an allusion
to the assassination of Julius Caesar when he compares this ghost to the
omens that were the precursors to the Ides of March.  He says this situation is like the
"palmy state of Rome."

In the end of the scene, Horatio
uses personification when he describes the coming dawn by
saying that "the morn, in russet mantle clad / Walks o'er the dew of yon high eastern
hill."  Clearly, morning doesn't wear a coat or walk, but he is using personification to
describe the color and action of the rising sun at dawn.