In The Catcher in the Rye, how is Holden negatively affected by mishearing the lyrics of "Comin Through the Rye"?

In the novel The Catcher in the Rye, there are two
references to the Robert Burns poem and the title of the novel.  In chapter 16, Holden
sees a family walking together on the streets of New York City.  Holden sees a little
boy, walking near the curb, singing "If a body catch a body coming through the rye".  It
is at this time on the novel where Holden admits to his mental
issue:

It made
me feel better. It made me feel not so depressed any
more.

The second appearance
of the line is in chapter 22. Holden is speaking to Phoebe about getting kicked out of
Pency.  He then mentions the "song":

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You know that song "If a body catch a body comin'
through the rye"? I'd like-

It's "If a body meet a body
coming through the rye!" old Phoebe said.  "It's a poem by Robert
Burns."

Here, Holden conveys
his desire to be the one saving all of the children that try to run over the cliff.  The
important thing here is that Holden's desires to save the innocent is at the cost of
losing himself.