Saturday, November 9, 2013

How might one summarize Roland Barthes' essay "Science versus Literature"?

In his essay “Science Versus Literature,” Roland Barthes
makes a number of claims, including the
following:


  • Scientists treat language as a tool;
    their goal is to make it as clear and as value-free as
    possible

  • To scientists, the subject-matter or content
    they wish to communicate is most important; the language in which such messages are
    communicated is unimportant. It should simply be clear and precise and
    objective

  • In contrast, in literature, language is
    everything. Its function is not simply to convey a
    message

  • Literature is a use of language in which language
    itself becomes the most important element

  • Emphasizing the
    centrality of language as language to literature can have radical
    implications for morality and politics

  • The contrast
    between science and literature is especially important to
    structuralists

  • Structuralist ideas, which grew out of
    linguistics, are especially relevant to literature

  • Used
    as a kind of scientific, analytical method, structuralism can help us understand the
    elements of literature and how they work

  • Structuralism
    can also be used to classify different types of
    literature

  • One of the ancestors of structuralism is
    rhetoric

  • At every level of literature, structuralist
    analysis is especially appropriate

  • However, structuralism
    should not aim simply to be another “scientific” approach to
    literature.

  • Instead, structuralism should
    place

readability="5">

the actual subversion of scientific language at
the centre of its programme . .
.



  • Structuralism
    should give up the pretense that language can ever be simply a neutral
    means of communicating
    ideas

  • Structuralists should be aware of, and should
    highlight, the paradoxes involved in their own use of language and in any use of
    language

  • There is no such thing as a neutral use of
    language, despite the claims of scientists to have achieved such a use; their claims
    must be challenged

  • There is no use of language that is
    superior to others; the claim of scientists to have achieved such a language must be
    challenged

  • Science suppresses the pleasures of language,
    and these need to be developed and emphasized

  • The role of
    literature

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is actively to represent to
the scientific establishment what the latter denies, . . . [which is] the sovereignty of
language. And structuralism ought to be in a strong position to cause such a scandal
because, being acutely aware of the linguistic nature of human artefacts, it alone can
reopen today the question of the linguistic status of
science.


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