Tuesday, November 27, 2012

To what extent did the Treaty of Versailles lead to the outbreak of WWII?

Most historians would argue that the Treaty of Versailles
was a rather efficient cause of World War II. Among its more egregious provisions was
the "war guilt clause" which shouldered Germany with complete and total responsibility
for the war.  Additionally, Germany was compelled to pay reparations which were eight
times greater than the entire country's net worth. Of course the reparations were not
paid in full; however this caused tremendous resentment on the part of the German
people, and proved fertile ground for the likes of Adolf Hitler to focus that
resentment. The Treaty gave territory to France which was German in culture and
language, which was also an untenable
situation.


Additionally, Japan had come into World War I
expecting to gain territory in Asia, primarily German territories. By the terms of the
Treaty, Japan walked away empty handed. There is some argument that there was a racial
element at work here, as Woodrow Wilson was quite racist. He had Ho Chi Minh thrown out
of the Conference when he asked for self-determination of the people of
Indochina.


Most of the mistakes made at the Treaty
negotiations were because France and England were determined to cripple Germany; and
Woodrow Wilson, who should have been more forceful, made broad concessions to assure the
Treaty would include his dream of a League of Nations. The end result was too high a
price for an organization that soon failed. Had Wilson been more forceful, perhaps World
War II could have been avoided, although that is a subject of substantial
conjecture.

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