How does an increase in greenhouse gases lead to global warming?

Green house gases include carbon dioxide, water, methane,
nitrous oxides, ozone and CFC. When heat from the Sun strikes the Earth a large part of
it is reflected back to space. In the absence of an atmosphere and without the presence
of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the Earth would be cold with a temperature lower
than one at which life can survive.

The greenhouse gases
help in maintaining the temperature of the Earth to a level that can sustain life by not
allowing all the heat that we receive from the Sun to get reflected back to space. The
molecules of these gases perform this task by vibrating at a frequency that is the same
as that of infra-red radiation.

Though life on Earth has
been made possible due to greenhouse gases, it is the increase in these gases due to
human activity that has resulted in many problems, like that of global warming. As we
burn carbon, the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has risen to very high
levels. The subsequent increase in temperature has led to a meltdown of polar ice,
raising sea levels. And is also responsible for changes in weather which include the
increased likelihood of storms and hurricanes and droughts and floods throughout the
world.

Global warming has now become a problem that has to
be dealt with immediately, if life is to be sustained on the
Earth.