Explain what the author's purpose is when she describes Mr. Underwood's participation in the lynch mob scene in To Kill a Mockingbird.Note...

As the editor of Maycomb's newspaper, Braxton Bragg
Underwood serves as a neutral voice of reason in To Kill a
Mockingbird. Underwood rarely leaves his office, and this is one of the
reasons he is silently standing guard over Atticus and the jail on the night that the
lynch mob arrives. It is also possible that, as the eyes and ears of the town, he, too,
has heard the rumor that Tom Robinson will be paid an unexpected visit while Sheriff
Heck Tate is on a "snipe hunt." Because most newspapermen attempt to be fair and
unbiased, Underwood (named after one of the Confederacy's most reviled
generals) probably hoped for a fair trial; in any case, he must have decided that Tom,
at the very least, deserved his day in court.

Atticus'
comment later that "Braxton... he despises Negroes, won't have one near him,"
illustrates even more strongly Underwood's desire for justice. His editorial following
Tom's death shows no sign of his hatred of African-Americans: He is, first and foremost,
a newspaperman who keeps his own personal prejudices out of the
story.

my question is grammatical: Is it correct that should can have the same meaning as if ?nil

While English does not have a conditional tense
per se as do the Romance langugages, including French from which
English is derived (among other languages), there are certain words that used to
establish a conditional situation. 

In informal English,
speakers and writers use the word if to begin clauses that are
conditional. e.g. If this be true, we will
not delay.  Along with the conjunction if,
the subjunctive mood is used for the predicate [be is in
subjunctive mood].  (This is why speakers say If I were you instead
of if I was
you)

Should  is a verb that is
employed as a conjunction like if in this conditional tense,
although it is not used as frequently as if, especially in
America. This avoidance of its usage may be to avoid confusion
since should is used used as an auxiliary verb to express necessity
or obligation.  Here are examples that illustrate the difference between
should as a conjunction (1), expressing a condition and
should as an auxiliary verb in a sentence expressing necessity
(2):

1. Should you
   move out, I will not be able to pay the rent on this
   apartment.


2. I think you should
   move out of this
   apartment.

Therefore, the short answer to your
question of whether should can have the same meaning as if is yes,
sometimes.

What are some examples from Huck Finn that I could use to say the novel is a classic work of literature?i have to define classic and also write a...

Hemingway said, "“All modern American literature comes
from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn.”
 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a great American novel
because it addresses America's greatest wrong (slavery) using a hilariously irreverent
and iconic narrator (Huck).  Although it satirizes America, the novel is very
American.

It's a classic because it's a bridge from Old
World (The Odyssey) to New World, because it's written with such a
youthful voice, and because it is the synthesis of rogue and
rebellion:

• The novel is a
  picaresque (a novel told by a rogue, rascal).  Huck, even though he
  lies and ditches his dad and school, is morally superior to everyone in the book, except
  maybe Jim.  Huck becomes the biggest winner by being an outsider (the biggest loser).
  


• The novel is anti-European: Huck dupes the Duke and the
  King (symbols of Europe)

1. most European
characters define themselves in context of family

2. Huck
is saying that he doesn’t define himself with others or the past (birth of the American
rebel)

a. Not defined by
family

b. Not defined by
society

c. Not defined by old world
values

d. Not defined by old
literature

• The novel is very
  antinomian (rebellious), and
  it is descended from the great American spirit of moral, artistic, and political
  rebellion

1. Antinomian definition: “through
faith or experience of God’s grace, you live outside the
law”

2. Jefferson’s Declaration of
Independence: a list of complaints

3. Melville’s
(Moby Dick) “No in Thunder”

4. Henry
David Thoreau’s Walden, Civil Disobedience:
chose to live outside pro-war (Mexican War) society

5.
Hester Prynne (Scarlet Letter) as adulteress, forced to live
outside Puritanical society

6. Huckleberry
Finn: chose to live outside pro-slavery
society

a. Huck says, “I’m so lonesome I could
die”

b. Twain’s intro: “Persons
attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons
attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot
will be shot.”

He's calling out proponents of slavery, the
North, the South, Republicans, Democrats, Christians, parents, schools, whites,
Europeans, and critics of the book.  As such, he's going after nearly
everybody.

If there is collision between the president and Congress, can Congress restrain the president in foreign policy making?

It would depend on the specific issue, but there are ways
that Congress can restrain the President in foreign policy issues. One very effective
way would be to simply refuse to fund the policy, at least if it has the potential to be
expensive. Congress would hesitate to do this, however, as Congress runs the risk of
being blamed for the policy's failure.

If the president's
policy could be interpreted by Congress as "a high crime or misdemeanor," Congress could
begin impeachment procedures. Two presidents have been impeached (Andrew Johnson and
Bill Clinton) although neither was convicted and
removed.

Any foreign policy program that required an action
from Congress in the form of a bill could also be killed in Congressional committees and
subcommittees. It may never get to the Congressional floor for
voting.

However, in at least one important foreign policy
area - the extension of diplomatic recognition to a foreign country - Congress plays no
role. That is at the sole descretion of the president.

What are the high school clicks that Melinda names? Which ones are important to Speak? Why?

The answer to your question can be found within the first
few pages of the novel.  Melinda has entered the Merryweather High auditorium for what
seems to be the first assembly of the school year.  Melinda immediately notices all of,
what she calls, the high school "clans."

readability="19">

We fall into clans:  Jocks, Country Clubbers,
Idiot Savants, Cheerleaders, Human Waste, Eurotrash, Future Fascists of America, Big
Hair Chix, the Marthas, Suffering Artists, Thespians, Goths, Shredders.  I am clanless.
(4)

Melinda goes on to
explain that her old clan the "Plain Janes" has "splintered," with its members being
absorbed by other clans above.  It is this statement that makes a few of these clans
quite significant (even the one that is now
extinct):

PLAIN JANES:  There
are probably other members of this group, but the main ones were Melinda, Rachel, Ivy,
Nicole, and Jessica (who has since moved to Nevada).  Obviously, their name suggests
that there was nothing incredibly special about them as a group:  average looking girls
doing average things.  That has
changed.

JOCKS:  This clan is
significant because it has absorbed Melinda's "ex-friend" Nicole.  Nicole has always
been athletic and shows lots of promise in the sports arena so she spends the beginning
of school "comparing scars from summer league sports"
(4).

EUROTRASH:  Melinda
doesn't shift Rachel into this group quite yet, but it becomes clearer as the novel
flows.  Rachel begins to be known as Rachel/Rachelle, hanging with all of the foreign
exchange students.  At this first assembly, Melinda something a bit
simpler.

It's
Rachel, surrounded by a bunch of kids wearing clothes that most definitely did not come
from the EastSide Mall.
(4)

MARTHAS: 
This clan is important because it is the precice one that her new "friend" named Heather
tries to join.  They are the ones who always wear matching clothes with accessories and
do volunteer work day and night.

SUFFERING
ARTISTS & THESPIANS:  This is the group that has absorbed Ivy. 
Melinda says that "she has enough personality to travel with two packs" (4).  In my
opinion, it Ivy with her art experience that truly breaks the ice again with Melinda at
the mall, chapters later.

How do Jem and Scout mature throughout the book? What dilemmas do they face that help their thinking better mature?

I think Jem most matures by watching the truth of the
trial and how it affects his father. From the mob in front of the jail in chapter 15 to
the trial's verdict in the early 20s, and his reaction to the trial, this young teen is
getting a taste of the evil of real men. He is protective of his dad by this point
because his dad has been through the criticism of friends and foes alike and has lost
something it was obvious he should not have lost. This makes Jem aware of the world's
inequities. Children have a notion that things should be fair. As many parents say...
Life isn't fair.

Scout's greatest moment of maturity occurs
in the last chapter when she learns through experience the lessons Atticus worked to
teach throughout the book. She learned to walk in someone else's shoes. She examined
from his porch what he must have been watching all along.

In Act 1 and 2, what are some examples of dramatic irony in Hamlet?

Since dramatic irony is the kind of irony in which a
character in the play thinks one thing is so, but the audience or reader knows
better, scenes involving Polonius serve as having dramatic
irony:

• When Polonius speaks with his son
  Laertes, who is about to return to France, the father gives advice to his son.  But,
  buried in conversation are the themes honest vs. deceit and love vs. betrayal as, after
  Laertes leaves, Polonius instructs Reynaldo to spy on his son. (Act
  I,sc.3)


• In his conversation with Ophelia, as well,
  Polonius is deceitful.  While he questions her about Hamlet, he does shown concern for
  his daughter's feeling; however, he later informs the king that after Hamlet is mad
  based upon what Ophelia has told him.  Polonius, then, arranges for Claudius and himself
  to betray Ophelia's trust by spying on her with Hamlet. (Act
  II)

What is probably the most important topic to discuss when explaining this story to a beginning literature class?

The setting and character development are paramount to the
story. The narrator of “Greasy Lake” grows and changes during his adventures is apparent
from the two views of “nature” he voices, one in paragraph 2 and one in paragraph 32.
Early in the story, “nature” was wanting

readability="12">

to snuff the rich scent of possibility on the
breeze, watch a girl take off her clothes and plunge into the festering murk, drink
beer, smoke pot, howl at the stars, savor the incongruous full-throated roar of rock and
roll against the primeval susurrus of frogs and
crickets.

By the end of the
story, these swinish pleasures have lost their appeal. When, at dawn, the narrator
experiences the beauties of the natural world as if for the first time, he has an
epiphany: “This was nature.”  Greasy Lake is the perfect settin for Boyle’s story. Like
the moral view of the narrator (at first), it is “

readability="9">

fetid and murky, the mud banks glittering with
broken glass and strewn with beer cans and the charred remains of bonfires. There was a
single ravaged island a hundred yards from shore, so stripped of vegetation it looked as
if the air force had strafed it”
(2).

The lake is full of
“primordial ooze” and “the bad breath of decay” (31). It also hides a waterlogged
corpse. Once known for its clear water, the unlucky lake has fallen as far from its
ideal state as the people who now frequent its shores have fallen from theirs.  Still,
in its way, Greasy Lake is a force for change. Caught trying to rape the girl in the
blue car, the narrator and his friends run off into the woods, into the water. Waiting
in the filthy lake, the narrator is grateful to be alive and feels horror at the death
of the “bad older character” whose body he meets in the slime. His growth has begun.
When at the end of the story, two more girls pull into the parking lot, the subdued
narrator and his friends are harmless. Cold sober, bone tired, they know they have had a
lucky escape from consequences that might have been terrible. Also, the narrator knows,
as the girls do not, that Al is dead, his body rotting in the lake. He won’t “turn
up”—except perhaps in the most grisly way. It is this knowledge and the narrator’s new
reverence for life that make him think he is going to cry.

How has the study of rhetoric helped to improve the social lives and linguistic skills of the people living in today’s world?i will like to...

What you propose is a major undertaking, so my first piece
of advice to you would be to narrow it down some. The study of rhetoric can cover
book-length works (PLURAL) and still not touch on all of the aspects that you have
indicated an interest in.

However, you mention an interest
in the importance of rhetoric and modern society. Integrating a little bit of history
into the equation, the way that we have historically viewed language usage has been
closely intertwined with social status. To put it simply, a lack of sold rhetorical
skills has generally been associated with a lack of intellect or education meaning that
the better able a person is to use language properly, the higher his or her educational
level and social status is usually viewed to be. Of course, this is stereotyping, but it
gives you a precedent and the precedent exists because generally, throughout history,
education at the higher than minimal levels has been restricted to the wealthy. Open
access to education for all is a relatively new
development.

Turning to the modern global society, although
educational opportunities may be broader, expectations have declined and along with them
the importance of language and rhetoric. Freedom of expression took a higher position
relative to the basic structure and form of language. Being creative became more
important than being an effective rhetoritician. Now, as we move away from an oral
communications dominated world into one in which the use of printed words is becoming
more important (as international businesses communicate in text based electronic form
daily) attention is truning back toward the importance of language and rhetoric skills.
This is being reflected to a degree in the educational system, but often it is not until
a student reaches college that it is given any solid
focus.

The way that language skills can be important in
today's society is that the better you are able to communicate the greater your ability
to advance in the world and to connect with people globally. Strong language skills are
something that employers look for, and the use of language is still a determinant of
social perception. People who are able to communicate effectively (without slang or bad
grammar) tends to present a first impression of a person who is educated and capable - a
person who is more likely to get the job or have the greatest impact on the largest
number of people (one of the reasons for Hitlers rise to power was his skill as a
rhetorician, Martin Luther King was able to reach the masses both black and white
because of his gifted use of language).

What are some cons regarding welfare?

The problem that I see with welfare, or public aid, is
that some people take advantage of it. It is meant to improve the financial well being
of individuals who are in a state of financial crisis. Unfortunately, some people
purposely keep themselves at a level of poverty so they do not lose this aid. It is
definitely true that some people are in a current position that require the help of the
government. 

Another problem that I have witnessed with a
few people who use public aid is what they purchase in grocery stores. It should be used
for necessities such as milk, fruits and vegetables, bread, eggs, meat, etc. I have seen
people use Link cards for fillet mignon and this is not
right.

If people stay on welfare because they are lazy and
don't want to work it is not fair to the people who work two or three jobs just to keep
themselves financially stable. It also isn't fair to the people who truly need the
aid.

What is the purpose of Harry Potter being retold in a different media (film)?I am looking for a few points regarding the adaptation of the Harry...

It is no secret that more children's books are borrowed
and sold after an adaptation has appeared - and that this continues over the years,
since DVD and video sales keep the story alive.  But financial advantages is not the
only motivating factor for adapting literature to other media.  If we think of the
earliest literary adaptations to film was Cyril Hepworth's 1903 eight-minute silent film
of Alice in Wonderland, we might agree with those who claim that children's literature
as a cultural form has a historically long and perhaps even a special relationship with
adaptation, which may explain why it is so frequntly mediated and recontextualised
through film, theatre, television, radio and other digital
technologies. 

An adaptation is not vampiric: it does not
draw the life-blood from its source and leave it dying or dead, nor is it paler than the
adapted work.  It may, on the contrary, keep that prior work alive, giving it an
afterlife it would never have had otherwise.  A good story deserves retelling - and
shown again and interact anew - with stories over and over; in the process, they change
with each repetition, and yet they are recognisably the same.

Why is photosynthesis important to the survival of all organisms in an ecosystem?Explain in detail.

Photosynthesis is very important to humans and almost
every single type of organism on earth. First of all if you think about it, a lot of
animals that we eat, eats grass, and other plants. Without plants there wouldn't be
enough animals for us to eat. Cows would be gone meaning most of the animals on earth
will starve too. Before I get into a lot of details about how important photosynthesis
is let me explain what photosynthesis is. I've bet you learned it almost hundreds of
time so I'll shorten this explanation. Plants need a source of energy like we humans
need food for energy they need the sun. They use the sun, carbon dioxide, and water for
energy. They absorb the sun to form hydrogen and oxygen, and as humans breathe in oxygen
we pass on carbon dioxide. It's like trading our air for their air. They suck in the
carbon dioxide and you guessed it. They breath out oxygen, making it possible for us to
breath again.

Now back to the explanation why
photosynthesis is a huge part of our lives. Since without photosynthesis we wouldn't
even be here on earth, meaning no oxygen. Without oxygen no other animals would live
since there would be no plants. Most of them would suffocate in few seconds. I've read
somewhere before in the past that if all of the sudden there was no oxygen the whole
world would probably suffocate in 3 minutes. Most of the people would not be ready for
it, as some coincidentally sucked in air the last second giving them a little more
time.

There isn't much to go into detail with since it's
really easy to understand once you read
it.

Short
Answer:

Photosynthesis is important since
without it most animals would die in seconds from suffocation without oxygen. Without
oxygen means no food too, meaning no animals could eat grass/plants making all of the
other organism on the food chain collapsing down into nothing. The whole world's
organism would come to an end. Basically meaning everything wouldn't exist if it wasn't
for Photosynthesis. Even us.

Hope this answers your
question!

What is learned about Atticus through his dealings with the dog and Mrs.Dubose?"To Kill A MockingBird" by Harper Lee

Atticus displays many positive aspects of his To
Kill a Mockingbird character as well as his parenting skills during the
chapters concerning the mad dog and Mrs. Dubose. Atticus apparently has pledged to never
pick up a gun again following his earlier life as "One-Shot" Finch. But when he sees
that he is the best man for a dangerous job, he rediscoves his deadeye aim once again,
dispatching of Tim Robinson with a single shot to the head. However, Atticus does not
want his children to know of his earlier skills, and cautions Sheriff Tate to "hush." He
is not proud of his skill to kill, but the children soon learn the truth from Miss
Maudie, who explains that "people in their right minds never take pride in their
talents." Atticus' actions display the humility that is part of his
makeup.

When Jem destroys Mrs. Dubose's camellias, Atticus
lets Jem know that his display of destructive temper is not acceptable--no matter the
insults tossed by the old woman. Jem is taught a lesson through his punishment, just as
Atticus expects. He knows the true story behind Mrs. Dubose's request for Jem to read to
her, but he thinks it best not to tell Jem until after her death. As uusual, Atticus
does not mince words with Jem, and the realization of Mrs. Dubose's morphine habit,
coupled with the gift that she has left for him, is almost too much for him to accept.
But Atticus wants Jem to learn from his time spent with her, and his parental wisdom is
just and appropriate.

Explain Pip's character according to structuralism and psychoanalytic theory in Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. I just want to know about...

Structuralism is an approach to the human sciences that
attempts to analyze a specific field as a complex system of interrelated parts.  Thus,
meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture through various practices,
phenomena, and activities. Especially after World War II, structuralism rejected the
concept of human freedom and choice; instead it focuses on the way that human behavior
is determined by various structures.

While Charles Dickens
lived much before World War II, his writings evidence this belief in the determination
of human behaior by such various structures.  His character, Mr. Jaggers, often gives
voice to this belief.  For instance, when Pip goes to the lawyer to ask about Estella's
true history, Mr. Jaggers explains why she was given to Miss Havisham to raise; the act
was an attempt to counter the determining control of Victorian society upon the destiny
of the poor:

readability="16">

Put the case that he often saw children solemnly
tried at the criminal bar, where they were held up to be seen; put the case that he
habitually knew of their being imprisoned, whipped, transported, neglected, cast out,
qualified in all ways for the hangman, and growing up to be hanged. ...Put the case that
here was one pretty little child out of the heap, who could be saved....Put the case
that this was
done....

Likewise, the
history of Abel Magwitch witnesses this determination of behavior for one who is born
into what Dickens termed the "prison of poverty."  He tells Pip that to survive, he had
to be involved in

readability="12">

Tramping, begging, thieving, working sometimes
when I could...[he was] a bit of a poacher, ...a bit of a haymaker, a bit of a hawker, a
bit of most things that don't pay and lead to
trouble....

When arrested for
his involvement with Compeyson, Magwitch received the harsher sentence although
Compeyson was the more culpable, because Compeyson looked "the
gentleman."

Similarly, Pip is confined to his class in
Great Expectations.  As a boy, he is told that he is "common."  His
story is one of an individual's growth within a strict social order. Pip's craving for
social advancement outside his own culture is cause for his mistaken values on social
prestige and money.  His narrow view of the world, brought on by his initial low social
status, is, however, much improved by his association with the gentleman Herbert Pocket
and Mr. Jaggers clerk, Mr. Wemmick, who both demonstrate kindness and love.  Through his
experiences, then, Pip's "great expectations" of becoming a gentleman socially mature
into the realization that a true gentleman is one who possesses not merely social
status, but also
humanity.

Can you please summarize Stephen Bandy's Criticism "one of my babies" for O'conner story " a good man is hard to find"?thanks

Stephen Bandy basically disagrees with Flannery O'Connor's
explanation of her own short story. He agrees with D. H. Lawrence who says we should
"trust the art but not the artist." He believes that in spite of what O'Connor says
about the message of Christian grace, there IS no redeeming grace for any of the
characters in this short story. He says that while the story's themes center on the
Christian view of faith, death and salvation, the story's message is pessimistic and
"subversive" to the message of Christianity. He says the story speaks for itself and
that the author should not speak for the story.

Flannery
O'Connor has remarked that she was always surprised when people told her the grandmother
in the story was evil. It was her intent to show that the grandmother was able to
exhibit grace at the end of the story. Most people that read the story miss
this.

The "art" of this story is the fact that it is so
deep that it inspires lots of great discussions.

Test the series for convergence or divergence. sum[(-1)^n*(n/ln(n)) n=2..infinity] show steps

To test the convergence of (-1)^n*n/ln for
n=2,3,....infinity,

Solution:

Sn
= (2/ln2-3/ln3) +
(4/ln4-5/ln5)+.....2n/ln2n-9n+1)ln(2n+1)+....

We study the
difference (2n/ln - 2ln2n+1)

We know that (1+x)^n
 >1+nx > nx .Or

n/ln(1+x) > ln(nx) .
Or

n/ln(1+1)> lnn for x=1.
Or

n/ln n >1/ln2. l/ln x is a continuous increasing
function.

Therefore (n+1)/ln(n+1) - n/ln is posititive . So
we can use cauchy's condensation test.

The Series Sn = Sum
(2n+1)/ln(2n+1) -2n/ln(2n) and  sum Vn a^2n {a^(2n+1)/lna^(2n+1) - a^(2n)/lna^(2n)]
where a is a a number >=2 behave alike.

Simplifying
Vn:

Vn = a^(4n){a/[a/(2n+1)ln a] - 1/2nln
a}

=
(a^2n/lna){(a*2n-2n-1)/[(2n+1)(2n)]}

= (a^4n/lna){ 2n(a
-1)+1]/[(2n)(2n+1)]}

= (a^4n/(2n+1){(a-1
 +1/(2n)}{1/lna}

Taking limit a^4n/(2n+1) is unbounded. The
other factor {a-1 +1/(2n){1/lna} is a finite
quantity,

Therefore, Sum Vn diverges.And  Sn = Sum
(2n+1)/ln(2n+1) -2n/ln(2n) should behave
similarly.

Therefore , -Sn = Sum -[(2n+1)/ln(2n+1)
-2n/ln(2n) ] = Sum{2n/ln2n - ( 2n+1)/ ln(2n+1)] should also
diverge.

Why did the Harlem renaissance happen and what was it?

The Harlem Renaissance was a blossoming of African
American intellectual life in the 1920s and 1930s centered in the Harlem neighborhood of
New York City. The movement resulted in an explosion of African American art, music, and
literature and included such names as Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurtson, Jean Toomer,
James Weldon Johnson, Aaron Douglas, Billie Holliday, and many, many
others.

Two primary factors facilitated the Harlem
Renaissance: the Great Migration and World War I. The Great Migration involved thousands
of African Americans moving to northern cities and concentrating themselves in
communities where they could support one another. After World War I, industrialization
provided greater job opportunities and more prosperity to support cultural and artistic
endeavors.

How does Bradbury make the Mechanical Hound seem evil, menacing and destructive?

In addition to the above, for me what makes the mechanical
hound seem so menacing and destructive is that, for the most part, it can't be
stopped. 

A real dog, no matter how large and ferocious, is
not as indestructible as the mechanical hound seems to be.  A dog can be fought against,
at least.  A rock or a big stick, whatever, can ward off a dog; not to mention a piece
of meat.  But the mechanical hound does not stop, will not back off, will not lose
interest if you show submission.  The mechanical hound leaves a human with no options. 
That's scary.

Except one, of course:  fire.  But unless you
happen to have a flamethrower with you, you're out of luck against a mechanical
hound--or at least that's how it seems. 

Finally, the
mechanical hound itself is not evil, since it's a machine.  The people who program it
are evil, but the hound itself is not.

What are Pip's 'expectaions' in Chs. 3 and 4 ?

In Ch. 3 Pip is on his way with the stolen food items and
the file to meet Magwitch on the marshes. He loses his way because of the heavy mist. It
is then that we come to know that Pip's expectations are limited to his desire to be
apprenticed as a blacksmith to Joe:

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I knew my way to the Battery, pretty straight,
for I had been down there on a Sunday with Joe, and Joe, sitting on an old gun, had told
me that when I was 'prentice to him regularly bound, we would have such Larks
there!

In Ch.4 on Christmas
day, Pip is very nervous and anxious. He is certain that the theft of the food items
will soon be discovered and that the police will arrest him. The chapter begins with Pip
'expecting' to be arrested by the police:

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I fully
expected to find a Constable in the
kitchen, waiting to take me up. But not only was there no Constable there, but no dis-
covery had yet been made of the
robbery.

What are the major theme, figure of speech, and sound devices in "Blame Not My Lute" by Thomas Wyatt?

The theme of "Blame Not My Lute" is in keeping with the
courtly love poetry that he learned while on a diplomatic trip to Italy and tells of
love within the "love is like war" Petrarchian love conceit. The lute player, and
speaker of the poem, has changed his tune to match the lady's changed behavior; the
music sounds not so sweet to her as formerly, but this is because her behavior seems not
so sweet to him as formerly.

The Lady's response is to
break the strings of his lute. The speaker advises her to cease doing that, informing
her that when she changes back to her former ways, the music from the lute will undergo
a corresponding change and be sweet to her once again. Wyatt is expressing the theme
that blame can't be attributed to someone--or something else--when a person is faced
with the results of a change in them that leads to dishonorable and unloving behavior:
blame not my lute, blame yourself.

Wyatt uses
personification for the lute and strings, giving human attributes of action and
volition: "he must agree," "they must obey," "My lute and strings may not deny." Wyatt
isn't known for metaphor and simile or sensory related imagery (what things taste, feel,
smell like), but here, he does refer to what the flute sounds like "be somewhat
strange," "be somewhat plain." He also uses figure of speech scheme techniques such as
epanalepsis in "spite asketh spite" and repetition in repeating the ending line "Blame
not my lute!" in each stanza as well at the start of the first stanza. There are six
stanzas of a sextain and repeating ending line. The rhyme scheme is ababcc
d.

What is the area of an equilateral triangle if the side length is 12 cm?

You need to know two things to solve this.  First, you
have to remember that the area of a triangle is .5(base*height).  Second, you have to
know the Pythagorean Theorem.

Because we know that the legs
are each 12 inches, we know that the base is 12 inches.  So now we need to know the
height.

We know that one leg is 6 inches (half of 12) and
the hypotenuse is 12 inches.  So 6^2+x^2 = 12^2

36 + x^2 =
144

x^2 = 108

So the height is
the square root of 108.

Now to get the area you take.5
(12*square root of 108).

How is this quote from Hamlet related to political unrest in Shakespeare's time, and,if so,how has he used this quote to target his audience? I...

In the above quote from Shakespear's
Hamlet,Hamlet reflects upon the character of Fortinbras, who is
Norwegian.  He is the son of Fortinbras, whom Hamlet's father, King Hamlet, defeated and
killed for "a little patch of ground."

Fortinbras serves as
the most important foil to the dilatory Hamlet.  For, as Hamlet notes, he is willing to
"expose what is mortal and unsure"--his life-- for "an eggshell"--the battle which he
may easily lose.  For, while their situations are similar in that their fathers were
killed, unlike Fortinbras who acts upon filial duty, Hamlet is given to excessive
self-debate and procrastination. Described by Hamlet as "a delicate and tender prince"
(IV,iv,48), Fortinbras is easily incited to fight in the cause of national pride or
family duty.

With Fortinbras as a character of national
pride, Elizabethan audiences may well have perceived some parallels between the
Danish and the English court.  While the Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588, there
yet existed the potential of a renewed invasion attempt, just as Denmark fears an
invasion attempt.  In addition, in England, as in Hamlet, anxieties
regarding royal succession also exist.  One critic named Kurland in "William
Shakespeare's Tragedy as a Political Tragedy Rather than a Political Tragedy," contends
that there are echoes of Elizabeth anxiety over succession, accompanied by fear of
intervention just as occurs in
Hamlet:

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...Shakespeare's audience would have been
unlikely to have seen in Hamlet's story merely a private tragedy, or in Fortinbras's
succession to the Danish throne an unproblematic restoration of
order.

Thus,
it does seem that Shakespeare's possibly play alerts his audience to contemporary
issues. Again, the old question of "Does art imitate life, or life imitate art?"
arises.

Does the move to legalize weed for medical purposes count as a step towards the decriminalization of weed in general?

I personally doubt it, but that is obviously just a matter
of opinion since there is no official way to determine whether it's a step towards a
more general legalization.

In my opinion, it is not a major
step because the idea of medical marijuana seems so much different to people like me who
disapprove of the use of marijuana in general.  It seems to me that using a substance
for medical purposes is much different from using it for
fun.

So I can see a lot of people like me being okay with
the idea of allowing it when prescribed by a doctor but not with the idea of just
letting anyone use it because they feel like it.

So I don't
think support for the one implies support for the other.

How is Paul Marshall portrayed differently in the film version of Atonement compared to the novel?

Remarkably, the movie does a pretty good job at staying
true to the character of Paul Marshall; there are even moments when his dialogue is
exactly the same as in the book, in crucial moments.  For example, when offering
chocolate to Lola, he tells her in the book AND in the movie to "bite it...you've got to
bite it," in a very creepy and, if you are paying attention, telling manner.  He is also
the king of the chocolate effort in the war, and drones on and on about his chocolate
bars, even making everyone a chocolate drink.  So, in character, dialogue and
personality, they are incredibly similar.

In appearance
though, they do seem to differ.  In the movie, Paul is fair-headed, whereas in the book,
the description we get is that he is a dark-headed man who has a lot of hair; in fact,
it describes how "a few dark hairs curled free from his eyebrow" and also how hair grew
out of his ears.  So in that sense, the physical appearances are different between the
movie and the book.

Other than that, the Paul Marshall that
is in the book is the same as in the movie; same intentions, same crimes committed, same
creepy penchants.  I hope that helped; good luck!

Is there any relationship between the complexity of a fossil and its age?Please give specific examples to explain your answer.

Scientists from the University of Bath (United States)
come up with new evidence, which seem to confirm a new law of evolution: organisms
evolve in general to an increasing complexity. Of course, such a law of evolution would
seem logical if we accept the premise that life began in simple
forms.

As simply as that, in this case it can only be one
direction in evolution: towards a higher complexity. However, nothing prevents the
bodies to return to a simpler form, once a degree of complexity has been reached. Let us
not forget that all bodies which have evolved and survived until today, are complex.
Bacteria for example, are simple forms of life, but they have adapted very well in
today's complex environment.

Of course, there are no rules
without exceptions. An example is bodies living in habitats such as isolated marine
caves. They seem to regress in their evolution towards complexity. Another example is
some species of parasites.

The fossils of the Cambrian
have a high level of complexity, in the layers of Cambrian, fossils being found
easily.They are very numerous and very diversified. Cambrian fauna includes
representatives of all major groups of invertebrates, that still exists today. Species
alive today are easily recognizable, with all their characters, once they are met in the
strata in which they were fossilized. 

Cambrian strata are
exposing a sudden explosion of species. As the Cambrian strata are examined,
strata which are known to be the oldest containing fossil, we discover that many marine
species have existed at the time, very clearly differentiated from one another. The
world of that time was as complex as that of today. Some forms are different from those
of today, while others are very similar, and in some cases, even identical. In the
latter category are blue algae, sponges and marine worms, for
example.

What happens when Billy sees the movie going backwards in Slaughterhouse-Five?

Watching the war films in reverse, Billy Pilgrim sees war
as restorative and peaceful. The film's action, going backwards, becomes truly inverted.
Instead of planes shooting each other they suck bullets out of one another. Instead of
dropping bombs to destroy cities, planes suck the bombs into their cargo chambers and
make the cities safe. 

The bombers opened their
bomb bay doors, exerted a miraculous magnetism which shrunk the fires, gathered them
into cylindrical steel containers, and lifted the containers into the bellies of the
planes.… The steel cylinders were taken from the racks and shipped back to the United
States of America, where factories were operating night and day, dismantling the
cylinders, separating the dangerous contents into minerals … [which] were then shipped
to specialists in remote areas. It was their business to put them into the ground, to
hide them cleverly, so they would never hurt anybody ever
again.

This passage demonstrates at least two
things. First, the nature of warfare is subtly explored. War is seen to be mechanical
and rather blindly destructive. The machines of war are shown to be products of a
military-industrial system, "manned" by automatons. The violence of war is given a
plain-spoken, factual treatment (albeit in reverse). Second, the role of perspective is
emphasized. 

Perspective is a major thematic
element of the novel. Here we see an implied statement that if only we could look at war
differently, we may be able to avoid its horrors. If we could see the mechanisms of war
clearly, perhaps we could assert our humanity against its machines. These concepts are
only implicit, but are clearly present in the passage and can be found elsewhere in the
novel as well. 

What could be one type of literary criticism for Brave New World?

Brave New World can be viewed from
the following
perspectives:

Feminist: how
are women (Fanny, Lenina, and Linda) portrayed?  Why aren't they Alphas?  Why must they
take mandatory birth control?  Does this lead to happiness and
freedom?

Mythological /
Archetypal: Who plays the role of the Hero, Loner, Temptress, Spirit,
Benevolent Father, Comic Relief, Nemesis?  What do colors, shapes, numbers stand
for?

Marxist: What is the role
of socio-economic class system?  Why do the Alphas exploit the lower castes?  Is there
an unequal distribution of labor?

Freudian /
Psychoanalytic: Does John suffer from repression and Oedipal guilt?  Is
his suicide the result of his guilt over having a relationship with Lenina, a younger
version of his
mother?

Existential: how does
the society limit the choices and freedom of the individual?  What role does
individuality have in the face of cloning and genetic
engineering?

Historical: What
are the meanings behind all the names, allusions, and references to science in the
novel?  What does Huxely believe is the role of science and technology in
government?

Why does Jonas feel apprehensive in Chapter 1?why is he careful in chapter 1?

In chapter one of The Giver, Jonas is
feeling anxious. At first he thinks he is frightened, but realizes it is apprehension he
is feeling. The Ceremony of Twelve is coming up, and this is a big deal for all the kids
who are eleven. At this ceremony the kids will find out what their jobs will be, and
they will have these jobs until they have to go to the home for the old. Jonas is
apprehensive about what job will be chosen for him.

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He had waited a long time for this special
December. Now that it was almost upon him, he wasn't frightened, but he was...eager, he
decided. He was eager for it to come. And he was excited, certainly. All of the Elevens
were excited about the event that would be coming soon.
But there was a little
shudder of nervousness when he thought about it, about what might
happen.
Apprehensive, Jonas decided. That's what I
am.

This ceremony is the most
important part of a young person's life, and Jonas is well aware of that. Whatever job
they will be given at this ceremony, they will have until it is time for them to
"retire". Little does Jonas know that the job he gets is going to change his life
forever.